Similar to English language, Punjabi language also consists of vowels and consonants. There are 10 vowels and 37 consonants in Punjabi alphabet.
Here are the list of Punjabi vowels, consonants, and numerals-
Punjabi Vowels
In Punjabi, vowels are known as ਸਵਰ (savara). There are two types of vowels; dependent vowels and independent vowels. Dependent vowels are always used together with a consonant.
Independent vowels
| ਅ a |
ਆ aa |
ਇ i |
ਈ ii |
ਉ u |
ਊ uu |
ਏ e |
ਐ ai |
| ਓ o |
ਔ au |
Dependent vowels
| ਾ aa |
ਿ i |
ੀ ee |
ੁ u |
ੂ oo |
ੇ e |
ੈ ai |
ੋ o |
| ੌ au |
Punjabi Consonants
In Punjabi, consonants are known as ਵਿਅੰਜਨ (viajana). The following table shows 37 consonant letters and their pronunciations.
| ਕ ka |
ਖ kha |
ਗ ga |
ਘ gha |
ਙ nga |
ਚ cha |
ਛ chha |
ਜ ja |
| ਝ jha |
ਞ nya |
ਟ ta |
ਠ tha |
ਡ da |
ਢ dha |
ਣ na |
ਤ ta |
| ਥ tha |
ਦ da |
ਧ dha |
ਨ na |
ਪ pa |
ਫ pha |
ਬ ba |
ਭ bha |
| ਮ ma |
ਯ ya |
ਰ ra |
ਲ la |
ਵ va |
ਸ਼ sha |
ਸ sa |
ਹ ha |
| ਖ਼ kha |
ਗ਼ gha |
ਜ਼ za |
ਫ਼ fa |
ਲ਼ la |
Punjabi Numerals
Punjabi numerals follow the base-10 number system, also known as decimal number system. It is the most commonly used number system in daily life. The following table shows the 10 Punjabi numbers and their English equivalents.
| ੦ 0 sifar |
੧ 1 ikk |
੨ 2 do |
੩ 3 tinn |
੪ 4 chaar |
੫ 5 panj |
੬ 6 chey |
੭ 7 satt |
| ੮ 8 atth |
੯ 9 nau |
Download Punjabi Alphabet
Download a print friendly Punjabi alphabet pdf.